Future

In English, we can use the future with:

-WILL:

To make predictions or decisions that are made at the moment of speaking.

Is used to with the expressions: I think, I believe, I'm sure...

Ex: Do you think she will come soon?

-GOING TO:

To make predictions based on evidence. Intentions, plans, where the decision has been made before the moment of speaking.

Ex: They are going to drive to come today.

-PRESENT CONTINUOUS:

To talk about future arrangements.

Ex: They are coming to see us tomorrow.

-PRESENT SIMPLE:

To refer to future events that are schedule.

Ex: The train leaves at 6:00 pm.

On the other hand, we can difference two types of futures:

-FUTURE PERFECT SIMPLE:

To events or actions from a point in the future after we expect the event or action to have already finished.

Will have+ past participle

Ex: I will have passed my driving test by the end of the year.

-FUTURE PERFECT CONTINUOUS:

Talk about an activity that will be in progress at a specific time in the future.

Will+be+verb-ing

Ex: My family will be visiting my grandmother.

Vocabulary

And now it´s time to learn some new vocabulary about...
-Nouns: nations and government
·Border  ·Citizen  ·Currency  ·Election  ·Flag  ·Government  ·Head of state  ·Law  ·Minister  ·Nation  ·Politician  ·Society

-Verbs: policies
·Ban  ·Build  ·Cut  ·Elect  ·Introduce  ·Lower  ·Raise  ·Spend  ·Tax  ·Vote

-I wish, if only-

"Wish" and "if only" are both used to talk about regrets (things that we would like to change either about the past or the present).

·About the present:

I wish/If only + subject + Simple Past

Ex: I wish I knew what to do.

·About the past:

I wish/If only + subject + Past Perfect

Ex: I wish I hadn't eaten all that chocolate.

·Wish/If only + would:
We use it to talk about something in the present that we would like to change- usually something that we find annoying.
Ex: I wish you would give up smoking. It's really bad for you.
We can only use wish + would to talk about things we can't change.



And now here you've got some exercises to practise it:
Exercises

Conditionals

Zero conditional:

·It is used to universal truths. Present
·Form: If+present simple+,+present simple
·Ex: If you freeze water, it turns into ice.

First conditional:

·It is used to open condition, what it is said in the condition is possible. Present and future
·Form: If+ present simple+ will+infinitive
·Ex: If it rains today, I'll stay at home.


Second conditional:

·It is used to unreal or improbable situations. A real situation that you would like to change in the future. Present or future.
·Form: If+past simple+would+infinitive
·Ex: If I studied, I would pass the exams.


Third conditional:

·It is used when we are talking about a situation that wasn't in the past-Unreal past conditions. Past.
·Form: If+past perfect+would have+past participle
·Ex: If I had studied, I would have passed the exams.

Other things about conditionals: 
- For the second conditional, were replaces was: If I were a rich person...
- Instead of if not, we can use unless.
- Instead of if, we can use as long as, provided (that) or supposing that.
- The if-clause can go at the beginning or the end of a sentence.
-We often write a comma after the if-clause.

·Exercises that can help you to learn the conditionals sentences:
Conditional's exercises.

New vocabulary

·Nouns: body decoration

-Beard 

-Chain 

-Dreadlocks 

-Hair dye 

-Lipstick 

-Moustache 

-Nail varnish 

-Necklace 

-Piercing 

-Ring           

-Sideburns 

-Tattoo

Letter to a penfriend

Dear Sunita,
I´m writing to you because I should write to a penfriend in India and you are that person, so I want to know something about you and I´m going to show to you something about me, my interests, my worries, my hates...

My name´s Nuria and I´m from Tomelloso, a town of Spain. I enjoy my free time listening to music, watching films, reading books... I like different sports too, and if I have to choose one, it would ve go to the swimmingpool. Do you like my hobbies? Or what things do you prefer to do?

On the other hand, I don´t hate too many things but one thing that I can´t support is people who don´t look after their pets, if you don´t like it... why do you have one? I can´t understand it. Do you agree with me or not? What do you hate?

If I think on the future, I´m worried about how people drive in my town. Because here the people don´t drive very well and the pedestrians aren´t careful, so that makes me feel very insecure, driving and walking. How people drive in India? Are you worried about something different?

I think that´s all. I hope that you love the idea, like me.
I will be waiting to your answer.
Nuria

The Europe Day- Pooram Festival

Yesterday was the Day of Europe (9th May) and we had to talk about an European festival.
My partner, Lorena, and I searched information about the Pooram Festival and that´s what we found:

Pooram Festival is an annual festival which is celebrated in temples dedicated to goddesses Durga or Kali. It has been celebrated every year in Medam (April).
It was believed that every year the dynastic gods and goddesses of neighbouring temple met together for a day of celebration.
The festival dures about 36 hours. A lot of people go there. And just two days before pooram, there is a huge exhibition.
At the end, groups enter the temple through the western gate and come out through the southern gate and array themselves, face to face in distant places.
The pooram concluded with a spectacular fire works display, which is held in next day early morning after the pooram.
 

And if you want to know more about this festival, you can click this link:
Pooram Festival

My Voki

     I just made a new Voki. See it here:                                                                                                                    Voki

Possessive pronouns.

You can find the possessive pronouns with two differents forms:

·If the possessive pronoun is a determinant at the sentence, are:

 Ex: My brother has got a dog.

       det   noun 

·If the possessive pronoun is like a pronoun at the sentence, are:

Ex: The pen is mine.

                        Pron

Verbs and adjectives: feelings.

In my class we started the last term with the verbs and adjectives of feelings. So I'm going to explain it.

Since a verb, we can form adjectives finished in -ED or finished in -ING.
The difference of both adjectives is that:
   -Adjectives finished in -ED are used to explain the feelings of the people. Bored, relaxed, surprised...
    Ex: I don´t like this film, I´m very bored.
   -Adjectives finished in -ING are used to describe situations. Boring, relaxing, surprising...
    Ex: This is a boring film, I don´t like it.

If it isn´t enough for you, here there are two differents links with and explanations of the same.
Verbs and adjectives: feelings
Verbs and adjectives: feelings 2.

Reflexive pronouns

Today, in my class, we started with the reflexive pronouns and my teacher taught me that they are a type of word and they are used for decribe reflexive actions.
In the sentence, the subject and the object coincide.

*We can see that in the plural forms the "-f" is changed by the suffix "-eves".

If it isn´t enough for you, here it´s a link about a video of the reflexive pronouns:
Reflexive pronouns
And if it´s a quite boring for you, here it´s a funny and easy song. You can choose:
Reflexive pronouns song

An other reflexive pronoun is each other that is used to talked about reciprocal actions.
           Ex: ·We sent each other Christmas cards.
                 ·Our friends were shouting at each other all night.

QR CODE

In my next post I´m going to put a QR CODE of this blog.
If you want, you can keep that image and arrive to the blog when you want with a very easy form.

I hope that it will be useful for you.

Story of "Diesel" jeans

"Diesel" is an Italian clothing company, its owner is Renzo Rosso.

This company became be famous with their jeans and their advertising campaigns. 

The first Diesel's shop was opened in the 1991. So we can say that the brand was born more than 20 years ago.

At the beginning, "Diesel" was a little company, but with their original ideas about the advertising and making jeans, a garment that everybody wear (children, teenagers, adults...), it was quickly famous, although the mark always has had little and medium factories around the world.

In conclusion, I think that the Diesel's jeans are so popular because the factory knew how to publish their products and jeans are so comfortable, useful and simple.

MODAL VERBS

The modal verbs are auxiliary verbs. There are many modal verbs that express different things:

ADVICE	LACK OF NECESSITY	CERTAINTY	POSIBILITY
Should	Don´t have to	Can´t	May
Ought to	Needn´t	Must	Might
Had better	Don´t need to		Could

HABILITY	OBLIGATION	PERMISSION
Can	Must	Can
Could	Have to	Mustn´t
		Can´t

STRUCTURE WITH THE REPHRASINGS:

Modal verb+ infinitive

*Sometimes, when we see some expressions we know immediately what modal verbs we should use:

            -Perhaps… à May/Might/Could

            -It’s possible… à May/Might/Could

            -I’m sure… à Must

            -It’s impossible… à Can’t

            -If I were you… à Should/Ought to/Had better

            -Something+ is forbidden…à Mustn’t

            -It isn’t necessary…à Don’t have to

EXERCISES OF MODAL VERBS:
http://mbonillo.xavierre.com/exercises/bch2/2bch2008/modalrph2bch1.htm
http://www.xtec.cat/~ogodoy/sac/rephrasing/modalsex1.htm

TOO-ENOUGH

·TOO: Is used to indicate more than necessary.

It is followed by and adjective or an adverb.

If we use too with a noun, we use:

-Too many (countable) or too much (uncountable)

In a rephrasing with too we use the word TO between the sentences of the rephrasing to express objective.

-

Example: I can´t heard you, this place is too noisy.

·ENOUGH: Is used to indicate that is sufficient or not.

It is behind the adjective or the adverb which is talking. (Adverb/adjective + enough).

In a rephrasing we use TO, like with too.

-Example: The apartment is big enough for four people, but isn´t big enough for six.

~Here´s is another link with exercises about it:

 http://www.autoenglish.org/gr.too.pdf

THANKS FOR READING!

SO-SUCH

·SO: Emphasizes an adjective, an adverb or a noun.                                             (SO+ADJETIVE/ADVERB).

When we use so in a rephrasing (connecting two sentences), we used to put the word THAT between the sentences to express the consequence.

-Example: I was tired. I went to bed at nine o´clock. à I was so tired that I went to bed at nine o´clock.

(*That can be omitted in some sentences*)

·SUCH: It emphasizes too. But it structure is different.

(SUCH+A/AN+ADJECTIVE+NOUN).

In a rephrasing we use that too.

-Example: The book was so good that I can´t put it down. à It was such a good book that I can´t put it down.

~Here it´s a link with some exercises with answers to practice that. 

•SO: Emphasizes an adjective, an adverb or a noun. (SO+ADJETIVE/ADVERB). When we use so in a rephrasing (connecting two sentences), we used to put the word THAT between the sentences to express the consequence. -Example: I was tired. I went to bed at nine o´clock.  I was so tired that I went to bed at nine o´clock. (*That can be omitted in some sentences*) •SUCH: It emphasizes too. But it structure is different. (SUCH+A/AN+ADJECTIVE+NOUN). In a rephrasing we use that too. -Example: The book was so good that I can´t put it down.  It was such a good book that I can´t put it down. ~Here it´s a link with some exercises with answers to practice that.

Passive voice

In English we use the passive voice when the subject is not the doer of an action.

When it happens, we put the receiver of an action as the subject and the doer of an action as the object.

For example:

Mike wrote a letter. à A letter was written by Mike.

To form a verb in the passive voice we follow the next structure:

TO BE + PAST PARTICIPLE

And it is a link about some exercises of PASSIVE VOICE´S REPHRASINGS. I hope that it will be very usefull for you.

http://www.xtec.cat/~ogodoy/sac/rephrasing/rephrexercises.htm

Phrasal verbs - BREAK

Hello!

In this post I´m going to explain a little about the phrasal verbs. In my class we saw it last week and we had to done an exposition for the class.

I chose the verb BREAK and I did a Prezi with the different forms of this verb.

Here is my Prezi:

http://prezi.com/gkgutwijjzxy/phrasal-verbs/

I hope that it will be useful for you.

Thanks for all.

See you soon.